Cello

History

The cello was also from the 16^th century, it’s real name being the violoncello. It was created for composers who desired an instrument which played lower pitches and tones as an accompaniment to other instruments, such as the violin. It was recognized as a solo instrument in the 18^th century. The cello was developed from the bass violin, but was transformed from the viola da gamba. Since the pitch is low, the strings are longer and thinker, therefore making the instrument itself larger. Although the cello is closely related to the bass violin, the cello is much larger than the average violin, and most definitely cannot be played against the neck/shoulder, but must be played with it placed on the floor. Originally, the cello did not have the end pin, but when introduced to the cello, it made the cello more stable against the floor and also brought the cellists great comfort.

Parts

Refer to image

Image taken from: http://learngen.org/cohorts/music/791/KCKPS/alonzo/strungoutvc.htm

Sound Production

A cello’s sound is produced in exactly the same was as a violin.

Range and Tuning

The cello has four strings which are, once again, tuned in fifths, starting from the A just below middle C, down to D, G and then to C. The range is over four octaves. Music for the cello is generally written with the bass clef, but it is sometimes written with the tenor clef or treble clef when there would be too many ledger lines.